The Frontiers of Humanity as Defined by Science and Life
Humanity underwent a profound evolution in self-awareness in the 20th century. Enormous leaps forward were made in science and technology, rapid development affected virtually all areas of life, and the global population surged. The explosion of the information age and a succession of crises also left their mark. Indeed, the most recent crisis has made us look at what appeared to be inviolable values in a new light. It has not only served to spur economic and technological advances, but also given rise to a range of destructive phenomena. These include the closing of borders, isolationism, and information wars. There is a line of thought that epidemics are nature’s way of controlling the spread of various species. If a population displays excessive growth, it, as a rule, becomes affected by a pathogen, and the population of the species in question returns to equilibrium. Nature therefore maintains the balance of the biosphere, and prevents an ecological catastrophe. At the same time, people believe in the potential of science to solve if not all, then a great many problems facing humanity. Indeed, scientific advancements can help greatly improve quality of life. Any sustainable development model that meets the needs of the current generation without adversely affecting the next generation envisages a major role played by science. Are there any limits to growth, including in extending life expectancy? Might we reach the boundaries of possibility in the near future? To what degree are concepts such as growth and development compatible with concerns surrounding the environment, the economy, and society? And what influence do external factors exert? Can we peacefully coexist with nature, and reduce the burden we place on it?